MikroRNS kā audu un serumu biomarķieri vairogdziedzera vēžu diagnostikā
Date
2011
Authors
Andrējeva, Diāna
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
KOPSAVILKUMS
Vairogdziedzera vēzis ir izplatītākais endokrīnais audzējs. Ļaundabīgus audzējus histoloģiski iedala - papillārā (PTC), folikulārā (FTC), anaplastiskā (ATC) un medulārā (MTC) karcinomā, folikulārā adenoma (FA) ir labdabīgs vairogdziedzera audzējs. Labdabīgi mezgli ir normāla parādība pieaugušo populācijā, pēc 50 gadiem 50% populācijas histopataloģiski tiek atklāti labdabīgi mezgli, bet tikai 5% no tiem ir ļaundabīgi.
MiRNS tiek uzskatītas par vienu no progresīvākajiem biomarķieru veidiem šāda testa izstrādei (Calin and Croce, 2006). Dažādos audzējos eksperimentāli pierādīts, ka miRNS ekspresijas profils var atšķirt labdabīgus un ļaundabīgus audzējus, kā arī sadalīt tos apakš tipos daudz veiksmīgāk nekā, piemēram, mRNS profils.
Izmantojot zināmo literatūru tika izstrādāta pieeja vairogdziedzera vēža miRNS biomarķieru atlasei.
Izvēlētā pieeja šo miRNS atlasei ir izmantojama miRNS biomarķieru detektēšanai audos, bet ne seroloģisku biomarķieru identificēšanai. Iespējams, tieša serumu miRNS profilēšana ļautu efektīvāk atlasīt tālāk analizējamās miRNS seroloģisku biomarķieru testēšanai. Kā arī interesants virziens turpmākajiem pētījumiem būtu atlasīto vairogdziedzera karcinomu miRNS biomarķieru mērķa gēnu identificēšana un funkcionālie pētījumi.
Bakalaura darbs tika izstrādāts no 2009. līdz 2011. gadam Latvijas Biomedicīnas pētījumu un studiju centrā projekta „Vairogdziedzera audzēju veidošanās molekulāro mehānismu izpēte un kompleksa biomarķieru identificēšana” (LZP 09.1310) ietveros, A. Ābola un A. Linē vadībā.
SUMMARY Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer. Histological malignant tumors are divided into papillary (PTC), follicular (FTC), anaplastic (ATC) and medullar (MTC) carcinoma, but follicular adenoma is a benign thyroid tumor. Benign nodules is a common occurrence in general population, 50% population after 50 years have histopatologicaly detectable nodules, but only less than 5 % of the palpable nodules are malignant lesions. MiRNA is considered as one of the best progressive biomarkers for developing such test (Calin and Croce, 2006). In various tumors experimentally has been proven that miRNA expression profile can disjoin benign and malignant tumors, and also divide into sub-types, more successfully then, for instance, mRNA profile. Based on known literature were developed methodic approaches to identify thyroid cancer miRNA biomarker. Elected methodic approach to identify thyroid cancer miRNA biomarker is employable to detect miRNA biomarkers in tissues, but not in blood sera biomarker identification. Possibly, direct blood sera miRNA profiling allows effectively select farther analyzable miRNA for blood sera biomarker testing. Also interesting future research direction may be selected thyroid carcinoma miRNA biomarker target gene identification and functional studies. This study was carried out in Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, from 2009. till 2011. under supervision of Msc. biol. Artūrs Ābols and Dr. boil. Aija Linē as a course work in research project “Identification of biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules” (LZP 09.1310).
SUMMARY Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer. Histological malignant tumors are divided into papillary (PTC), follicular (FTC), anaplastic (ATC) and medullar (MTC) carcinoma, but follicular adenoma is a benign thyroid tumor. Benign nodules is a common occurrence in general population, 50% population after 50 years have histopatologicaly detectable nodules, but only less than 5 % of the palpable nodules are malignant lesions. MiRNA is considered as one of the best progressive biomarkers for developing such test (Calin and Croce, 2006). In various tumors experimentally has been proven that miRNA expression profile can disjoin benign and malignant tumors, and also divide into sub-types, more successfully then, for instance, mRNA profile. Based on known literature were developed methodic approaches to identify thyroid cancer miRNA biomarker. Elected methodic approach to identify thyroid cancer miRNA biomarker is employable to detect miRNA biomarkers in tissues, but not in blood sera biomarker identification. Possibly, direct blood sera miRNA profiling allows effectively select farther analyzable miRNA for blood sera biomarker testing. Also interesting future research direction may be selected thyroid carcinoma miRNA biomarker target gene identification and functional studies. This study was carried out in Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, from 2009. till 2011. under supervision of Msc. biol. Artūrs Ābols and Dr. boil. Aija Linē as a course work in research project “Identification of biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules” (LZP 09.1310).
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