Mikroplastmasas sastāva un telpiskās izplatības raksturojums Latvijas jurisdikcijā esošo jūras ūdeņu virskārtā - Austrumgotlandes baseinā un Rīgas līcī
Date
2021
Authors
Barone, Marta
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
Latvijas jūras ūdeņos tika ievākti 46 ūdens virskārtas plastmasas paraugi, izmantojot Manta tīklu. Organiskā materiāla sadalīšanai secīgi tika izmantots nātrija hidroksīds, ūdeņraža peroksīds un enzīmi. Plastmasas daļiņas tika identificētas un raksturotas vizuāli, un noteikts to veidojošais polimērs. Plastmasas daļiņas bija sastopamas visās paraugu ņemšanas vietās koncentrācijā no 0,09 līdz 4,43 daļiņām/m3. Izplatītākais daļiņu veids bija šķiedras (54,92%) un plastmasas fragmenti (40,18%). Dominējošie polimēri bija polietilēns (80,18%) un polipropilēns (11,81%), tomēr relatīvā proporcija starp polimēru veidiem katrā stacijā ievērojami atšķīrās. Precīzākai plastmasas piesārņojuma novērtēšanai ieteicams veikt sezonālu un ikgadēju monitoringu, kā arī izveidot starptautiskā mērogā standartizētu paraugu ievākšanas, apstrādes un analīzes metodiku.
In the Latvian marine waters 46 surface water plastics samples were collected using Manta net. The organic material was digested sequentially with sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide and enzymes. Thereafter, plastic particles were identified and characterized visually, followed by chemical composition analysis. Plastic particles were observed at all sampling sites with concentrations varying from 0.09 to 4.43 particles/m3. Fibers accounted for majority of all encountered particles (54.92%), while fragments were the second most common shape (40.18%). The predominant polymers were polyethylene (80.18%) and polypropylene (11.81%), however, the relative proportion among polymer types differed at each sampling site. For more accurate plastic pollution assessment, seasonal and annual monitoring is recommended, as well as the development of an internationally harmonized sampling, treatment, and analysis methodology.
In the Latvian marine waters 46 surface water plastics samples were collected using Manta net. The organic material was digested sequentially with sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide and enzymes. Thereafter, plastic particles were identified and characterized visually, followed by chemical composition analysis. Plastic particles were observed at all sampling sites with concentrations varying from 0.09 to 4.43 particles/m3. Fibers accounted for majority of all encountered particles (54.92%), while fragments were the second most common shape (40.18%). The predominant polymers were polyethylene (80.18%) and polypropylene (11.81%), however, the relative proportion among polymer types differed at each sampling site. For more accurate plastic pollution assessment, seasonal and annual monitoring is recommended, as well as the development of an internationally harmonized sampling, treatment, and analysis methodology.
Description
Keywords
Vides zinātne , mikroplastmasa , piesārņojums , Baltijas jūra , Rīgas līcis , Furjē transformācijas infrasarkanās gaismas (FTIR) spektroskopijas metode