Mitro pļavu floristiskā daudzveidība Latvijā
Date
2009
Authors
Breidaka, Ilze
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
Kopsavilkums
Mitro pļavu floristiskā daudzveidība Latvijā
Ilze Breidaka
Latvijā, tāpat kā visā Eiropā, zālāju platības aizvien sarūk. Taču tie ir nozīmīgi ne tikai kā augu sugām bagāti un daudzveidīgi biotopi, bet arī kā barošanās vietas putniem un dzīvniekiem, pulcēšanās un atpūtas vietas caurceļojošiem putniem, bieži vien vienīgā dzīvotne daudzām retām un aizsargājamām augu, bezmugurkaulnieku un putnu sugām. Tieši šo iemeslu dēļ Latvijā ir aktualizējusies arī mitro un slapjo zālāju izpēte, aizsardzība un apsaimniekošana. Bakalaura darba mērķis ir raksturot mitro zālāju floristisko daudzveidību. Bakalaura darbā, mitro zālāju raksturošanai, izmantoti Latvijas Dabas fonda datu bāzes 688 apraksti no pļavu inventarizācijas projekta, kas uzsākts 2000.gadā.
Literatūras aprakstā dots īss ieskats par Latvijas zālāju izplatību, apsaimniekošanu, aizsardzību un klasifikāciju. Darbā izveidotas vairākas zālāju izplatības un sastopamības kartes, dots īss raksturojums, katram mitro zālāju tipam – raksturīgākās augu sugas, kā arī sastādīts pilns mitro zālāju augu sugu saraksts. Veicot datu apstrādi, mitrajos zālājos konstatētas 31 aizsargājama augu suga, kas iekļautas arī Latvijas Sarkanajā grāmatā. Apskatīta apsaimniekošanas ietekme uz mitro zālāju floristisko daudzveidību.
Bakalaura darbs izstrādāts no 2008.gada septembra līdz 2009.gada maijam LU Bioloģijas fakultātē Botānikas un ekoloģijas katedrā.
Atslēgas vārdi: mitrie zālāji, floristiskā daudzveidība, pļavu izplatība, zālāju apsaimniekošana
Diversity of plant species of wet meadows in Latvia Ilze Breidaka In Latvia, just like in other places in Europe, grassland areas are diminishing. However, these areas are significant as diverse biotopes, rich in various plant species. Grasslands also are important feeding places for birds and animals, resting areas for migrating birds and very often – the only habitat for many rare and endangered plant, invertebrate and bird species. These are the reasons why research, protection and maintenance for moist and wet grasslands have become an actual issue. In this paper the description of grasslands has been based on 688 reports from the grassland inventory project, found in Latvian Nature fund’s database. A brief summary of Latvian grassland’s range, maintenance, protection and classification has been given in the description of literature. This paper comprises several grassland range and occurrence maps, a brief characteristic for each grassland type, including typical plant species and also full list of all plant species found in wet grasslands. 31 protected plant species, which are included in Latvians Red Data Book, have been found during the data processing. This paper also examines the influence of maintenance over the floral variety of wet grasslands. Key words: wet grasslands, floral variety, range grassland, grassland management
Diversity of plant species of wet meadows in Latvia Ilze Breidaka In Latvia, just like in other places in Europe, grassland areas are diminishing. However, these areas are significant as diverse biotopes, rich in various plant species. Grasslands also are important feeding places for birds and animals, resting areas for migrating birds and very often – the only habitat for many rare and endangered plant, invertebrate and bird species. These are the reasons why research, protection and maintenance for moist and wet grasslands have become an actual issue. In this paper the description of grasslands has been based on 688 reports from the grassland inventory project, found in Latvian Nature fund’s database. A brief summary of Latvian grassland’s range, maintenance, protection and classification has been given in the description of literature. This paper comprises several grassland range and occurrence maps, a brief characteristic for each grassland type, including typical plant species and also full list of all plant species found in wet grasslands. 31 protected plant species, which are included in Latvians Red Data Book, have been found during the data processing. This paper also examines the influence of maintenance over the floral variety of wet grasslands. Key words: wet grasslands, floral variety, range grassland, grassland management
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