Identitātes konstruēšana presē krievu un latviešu valodā (laikrakstu Čas un Latvijas Avīze salīdzinošā analīze)
Date
2006
Authors
Rāta, Baiba
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
Bakalaura darba “Identitātes konstruēšana presē krievu un latviešu valodā (laikrakstu “Čas” un “Latvijas Avīze”salīdzinoša analīze)” mērķis ir noskaidrot, kādas kolektīvās identitātes tiek konstruētas presē, kādas diskursa stratēģijas tam tiek izmantotas, un kā atšķiras latviešu un krievu valodā rakstošos izdevumos konstruētās identitātes.
Pirms pētījuma uzsākšanas teorētiskajā daļā tiek aplūkots identitātes jēdziens, dažādas pieejas šī jēdziena izpratnē, kā arī atsevišķi iztirzāti četri kolektīvo identitāšu veidi – nacionālā, etniskā, teritoriāli politiskā un lingvistiskā identitāte. Tāpat tiek raksturota izmantotā pētniecības metode.
Laikrakstos “Latvijas Avīze” un “Čas” konstruētās identitātes laikā no 2004.gada 10.līdz 20.martam un no 1. līdz 18.septembrim, ir analizētas, izmantojot kritiskās diskursa analīzes vēsturisko pieeju, kas identitāšu konstruēšanu pēta saistībā ar “mēs” un “viņi” grupu konstruēšanu.
Pētījuma gaitā tika secināts, ka laikrakstu saturā konstruētās „mēs” un „viņi” grupas abos laikrakstos ir atšķirīgas. “Latvijas Avīzē” “mēs” ir latviešu valodā runājošie latvieši, bet “viņi” ir krievi un krievvalodīgie cittautieši. Savukārt “Čas” “mēs” ir krievi un krievvalodīgie, bet “viņi” latvieši un Latvijas valsts.
Visu diskursa stratēģiju izpēte apliecināja, ka tās tiek izmatotas atbilstoši kritiskās diskursa analīzes vēsturiskās pieejas pieņēmumam par visaptverošu diskursīvo stratēģiju veidot pozitīvu „mēs” un negatīvu „viņu” tēlu.
Vislielākā nozīme abu laikrakstu saturā piešķirta etniskās un lingvistiskās identitātes konstruēšanai. Tiek konstruēta arī nacionālā identitāte, taču nošķīrums „mēs” un „viņi” grupu vidū lielākoties balstīts uz etnisko piederību un valodas lietojumu.
Lai būtu iespējams reljefāk parādīt konstruētās „mēs” un „viņi” grupu īpašības un atšķirības, pētījumam tika izvēlēti periodi, kuros attiecības abu grupu starpā bijušas sevišķi saasinātas. Tādēļ šī pētījuma rezultāti nevar tikt uzskatīti par ikdienišķas situācijas paraugu.
Izstrādātā teorētiskā daļa un darbā izdarītie secinājumi, varētu tikt izmatoti turpmākos kolektīvo identitāšu konstruēšanas pētījumos, piemēram, lai izpētītu dažādo reliģisko grupu medijos konstruētās identitātes.
The aim of the bachelor work “The construction of identity in Russian and Latvian language press (comparative analysis of the newspapers “Latvijas Avize” and “Chas”)” is to find out what collective identities are constructed in press, which discursive strategies are used to do so and what are the differences between identities constructed in Latvian and Russian press. The concept of identity, the different approaches to this concept and the research method being used are described in the theoretical part of this bachelor work. Four types of collective identity – national, ethnic, territorially political and linguistic – are described in more detail. The identities constructed in “Latvijas Avize” and “Chas” over the period of March 10 to 20 2004 and September 1 to 18 2004 are analyzed by using the historical approach of critical discourse analysis, that analyses the construction of identities in accordance with construction of “us” and “them” groups. During the research the conclusion was drawn that the “us” and “them” groups differ from one newspaper to other. In “Latvijas Avize” Latvians that speak Latvian are treated as “us” and Russians and Russian-speaking people are treated as “them”. While in “Chas” Russians and Russian-speaking people are treated as “us” and Latvian and state of Latvia are treated as “them”. The analysis of all discursive strategies confirmed that they are used in accordance with the supposition of the historical approach of critical discourse analysis that there is a general discursive strategy to construct a positive character of “us” and a negative character of “them”. The greatest importance in the content of both newspapers is paid to the construction of ethnic and linguistic identities. National identity is also being constructed, but mostly the division between “us” and “them” groups is based on ethnic and linguistic affiliation. To show the characteristics and differences ascribed to the different groups in more relief, a period when the relationship between both groups was particularly escalated was chosen for the research. Thus the results of this research can not be considered as an example of everyday situation. The theoretical part and the conclusions drawn in this bachelor work could be used in further research of the construction of collective identities, like to analyze the constructed identities of different religious groups.
The aim of the bachelor work “The construction of identity in Russian and Latvian language press (comparative analysis of the newspapers “Latvijas Avize” and “Chas”)” is to find out what collective identities are constructed in press, which discursive strategies are used to do so and what are the differences between identities constructed in Latvian and Russian press. The concept of identity, the different approaches to this concept and the research method being used are described in the theoretical part of this bachelor work. Four types of collective identity – national, ethnic, territorially political and linguistic – are described in more detail. The identities constructed in “Latvijas Avize” and “Chas” over the period of March 10 to 20 2004 and September 1 to 18 2004 are analyzed by using the historical approach of critical discourse analysis, that analyses the construction of identities in accordance with construction of “us” and “them” groups. During the research the conclusion was drawn that the “us” and “them” groups differ from one newspaper to other. In “Latvijas Avize” Latvians that speak Latvian are treated as “us” and Russians and Russian-speaking people are treated as “them”. While in “Chas” Russians and Russian-speaking people are treated as “us” and Latvian and state of Latvia are treated as “them”. The analysis of all discursive strategies confirmed that they are used in accordance with the supposition of the historical approach of critical discourse analysis that there is a general discursive strategy to construct a positive character of “us” and a negative character of “them”. The greatest importance in the content of both newspapers is paid to the construction of ethnic and linguistic identities. National identity is also being constructed, but mostly the division between “us” and “them” groups is based on ethnic and linguistic affiliation. To show the characteristics and differences ascribed to the different groups in more relief, a period when the relationship between both groups was particularly escalated was chosen for the research. Thus the results of this research can not be considered as an example of everyday situation. The theoretical part and the conclusions drawn in this bachelor work could be used in further research of the construction of collective identities, like to analyze the constructed identities of different religious groups.
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