Pretendentu tiesības un pienākumi publiskajā iepirkumā
Date
2006
Authors
Zeps, Armands
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
Šis darbs ir par pretendentu tiesībām un pienākumiem publiskajā iepirkumā. Publiskais iepirkums ir preču un pakalpojumu kopums, ko valsts pasūtītājs iepērk, lai varētu nodrošināt savu funkciju izpildi. 2006. gada 01. maijā spēkā stājās jaunais Publisko iepirkumu likums, kurā par pamatu ņemta Eiropas Savienības dalībvalstu pieredze iepirkumu procedūru piemērošanā, ietvertas jaunāko Eiropas Savienības direktīvu prasības, kā arī ietverti Eiropas Kopienu tiesas spriedumos esošie skaidrojumi, jo līdz šim spēkā esošais likums "Par iepirkumu valsts vai pašvaldību vajadzībām" vairs neatbilda jaunās sistēmas prasībām.
Publisko iepirkuma likuma mērķis ir nodrošināt iepirkuma procedūras atklātumu, pretendentu brīvu konkurenci un vienlīdzīgu un taisnīgu attieksmi pret tiem, kā arī valsts un pašvaldību līdzekļu efektīvu izmantošanu, maksimāli samazinot pasūtītāja risku. Likumā pastiprināts regulējums tādiem Eiropas Savienības tiesību principiem, kā vienādas attieksmes, diskriminācijas aizlieguma, savstarpējās atzīšanas, proporcionalitātes un samērīguma, brīvas konkurences, un atklātības principiem.
Pretendentam nav jāskaidro izdevīgas iespējas, ko piedāvā publiskie iepirkumi. Daudzas mazas un lielas kompānijas cieši seko līdzi publisko iepirkumu konkursiem un padara publiskos tenderus par savas biznesa politikas neatņemamu sastāvdaļu. Viņiem pievienošanās Eiropas Savienība paplašina apvārsni un rada jaunas iespējas.
Publisko iepirkumu likums attiecas tikai uz tiem iepirkumiem, ja to līgumcena sasniedz 10000 latu. Minētais regulējums ir balstīts uz Eiropas Savienības dalībvalstu pieredzi attiecībā uz līgumcenu sliekšņiem, no kuriem piemērojamas formālās iepirkuma procedūras, mainīti pretendentu atlases noteikumi un ieviesti jauni efektīvi iepirkumu mehānismi. Tas ļauj samazināt ar publisko iepirkumu saistītās administratīvās izmaksas, tomēr politiķiem un uzņēmējiem ir atšķirīgi uzskati šajā sakarā.
Visumā jaunais Publisko iepirkumu sistēmas modelis satur virkni pozitīvu izmaiņu attiecībā uz pretendentiem un valsts iestādēm, tomēr problēmu risinājumam darbā ir tiek piedāvāts saglabāt līdzšinējos iepirkuma procedūru cenu sliekšņus, pagarināt lēmumu pārsūdzēšanas termiņus, paplašināt pretendentu tiesību apjomu un caurspīdīguma principu.
Daudz uzmanības darbā veltīts jaunā Publiskā iepirkuma likuma un iepriekšējā likuma tiesību normu salīdzināšanai, iepirkumu koncepcijas maiņas analīzei. Darbā pētīts iepirkuma metožu izvēles un piemērošanas procesa saturs un tiesiskais pamats. Tāpat darbā tiek analizēti pretendentu tiesības un pienākumi, izvērtēts šo tiesību un pienākumu izlietojums un doti papildinājumi Latvijas publisko iepirkumu sistēmas modelim. Tāpat darbā apskatīta Latvijas un Eiropas Savienības tiesu prakse publisko iepirkumu kontekstā.
The following work deals with the rights and obligations of tenderers in public procurement. Public procurement is the aggregate of goods and services that a state client buys in order to insure the performance of its duties. The new public procurement law based on the application of the experience in the purchase procedure of European Union states started to function on May 1, 2006. The newest European Union guidelines as well as the existing comments found in European Community Court verdicts have been incorporated in the new law because the previous Law on Procurement for the needs of the state and municipality does not comply with the requirements of the new system. The aim of Public Procurement Law is to insure the transparency of purchase procedure, freedom of competition, equal and just attitude towards all tenderers, as well as, the effective usage of state municipal funds. The control of the following principles such as equal attitude, the prohibition of discrimination, mutual acknowledgement, proportionality and pro rata, free competition and the principle of transparency are strengthened in the new law. There is no need to describe the profitable opportunities that public procurement offers. Many of large and small companies closely follow the procurement competition and make public tenders an integral part of their business politics. Following such European Union principles broadens horizons of collaboration and new opportunities. The Public Procurement Law is applied only to those purchases which contractual price is higher than 10000 lats. The following regulation is based on the European Union States experience in connection to contractual price threshold, from which the formal purchasing procedure is applied, the conditions of tenderers selection criteria and the new effective purchases mechanics are introduced. Despite the fact that it allows to reduce the expenses on administration, politicians and businessmen have dissimilar attitudes towards it. On the whole, the model of the new public procurement system contains the chain of positive changes in relation to tenderers and state institutions, but it is suggested for the problem solution at work to retain the previous price threshold of purchase procedure, to prolong the appeal time and transparency principle. In the following work a lot of attention is paid to the comparison of the new Public Procurement Law and the old Law on Procurement for the needs of the state and municipality, as well as, the analysis of the changes in the purchasing conception. The choice of purchasing methods and the content of process application as well as legal basis are under the research in the following work. Also, the rights and liability and their application are analyzed and some supplements to the model of public procurement model in Latvia are given. In addition, the court practice in Latvia and the European Union related to public procurement is examined.
The following work deals with the rights and obligations of tenderers in public procurement. Public procurement is the aggregate of goods and services that a state client buys in order to insure the performance of its duties. The new public procurement law based on the application of the experience in the purchase procedure of European Union states started to function on May 1, 2006. The newest European Union guidelines as well as the existing comments found in European Community Court verdicts have been incorporated in the new law because the previous Law on Procurement for the needs of the state and municipality does not comply with the requirements of the new system. The aim of Public Procurement Law is to insure the transparency of purchase procedure, freedom of competition, equal and just attitude towards all tenderers, as well as, the effective usage of state municipal funds. The control of the following principles such as equal attitude, the prohibition of discrimination, mutual acknowledgement, proportionality and pro rata, free competition and the principle of transparency are strengthened in the new law. There is no need to describe the profitable opportunities that public procurement offers. Many of large and small companies closely follow the procurement competition and make public tenders an integral part of their business politics. Following such European Union principles broadens horizons of collaboration and new opportunities. The Public Procurement Law is applied only to those purchases which contractual price is higher than 10000 lats. The following regulation is based on the European Union States experience in connection to contractual price threshold, from which the formal purchasing procedure is applied, the conditions of tenderers selection criteria and the new effective purchases mechanics are introduced. Despite the fact that it allows to reduce the expenses on administration, politicians and businessmen have dissimilar attitudes towards it. On the whole, the model of the new public procurement system contains the chain of positive changes in relation to tenderers and state institutions, but it is suggested for the problem solution at work to retain the previous price threshold of purchase procedure, to prolong the appeal time and transparency principle. In the following work a lot of attention is paid to the comparison of the new Public Procurement Law and the old Law on Procurement for the needs of the state and municipality, as well as, the analysis of the changes in the purchasing conception. The choice of purchasing methods and the content of process application as well as legal basis are under the research in the following work. Also, the rights and liability and their application are analyzed and some supplements to the model of public procurement model in Latvia are given. In addition, the court practice in Latvia and the European Union related to public procurement is examined.
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Juridiskā zinātne