Upju morfoloģija un tās saistība ar upju kvalitāti
Date
2006
Authors
Miķelsone, Liene
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Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
Maģistra darba tēma Upju morfoloģija un tās saistība ar upju kvalitāti.
Darbā tika izvērtētas ES Ūdens struktūrdirektīvas prasības un apskatītas citu Eiropas valstu lietotās metodes upju vides kvalitātes novērtēšanā.
Ir veikta Daugavas, Ventas, Gaujas un Rīgas jūras līča un to mazo upju baseinu raksturojums, izvērtējot sateces baseina platību, augstumu virs jūras līmeņa un zemes lietojuma veidu tajā.
Maģistra darbā pētīto mazo upju stāvoklis izvērtēts pēc morfometriskajiem (sateces baseina lielums, upes platums, dziļums) un hidroloģiskiem (caurplūdums, straumes ātrums) parametriem atbilstoši ES struktūrdirektīvā noteiktajām prasībām.
Ūdens kvalitāte pētīto upju baseinos tik analizēta pēc raksturojošajiem ķīmiskajiem parametriem atbilstoši ES Ūdens struktūrdirektīvā noteiktajām prasībām.
Maģistra darbā tika novērtēta pētīto upju vides kvalitāte pēc ES struktūrdirektīvas prasībām izmantojot upes vides novērtēšanas metodi (RHS). Kvalitāte tika noteikta izmantojot divus indeksus, pēc kuriem tika izvērtēta cilvēku saimnieciskās darbības ietekme uz upes vides kvalitāti un upē esošās dabiskās pazīmes, kas ir raksturīgas augstai upes kvalitātei.
Izmantojot programmu Canoco for Windows 4.5, tika aprēķināta korelācija starp makrozoobentosu un vides faktoriem paraugu ņemšanas vietās. Pēc iegūtajiem rezultātiem tika noteikti galvenie vides parametri, kas ietekmē makrozoobentosa biotopus.
Atslēgas vārdi: ES Ūdens struktūrdirektīva, upes, upes vides kvalitāte, upju baseins, RHS (upes vides novērtēšana), makrozoobentoss.
The theme of Master’s thesis is devoted to The morphological assessment of rivers in contest to river quality. In the thesis work EU Water Framework Directive were evaluated and looked upon methods used for assessment of quality of river habitat in other European countries. The description of the Rivers Daugava, Venta, Gauja and Riga Gulf and their small rivers catchments, assessing the size of catchment, height above sea level and type of land use in it, are done during the particular study. The situation of small rivers is assessed by morphometry (size of catchment, width and depth of river) and hydrological features (discharge, stream velocity) according to demands of EU Water Framework Directive. The water quality in the catchments of the studied rivers was analysed by characterizing chemical features which respond with demands of EU Water Framework Directive. In Master’s thesis the quality of the studied rivers habitats was assessed according to demands of EU Framework Directive using the method of River Habitat Survey (RHS). The quality was defined using two indexes by which the impact of human activities on the quality of river habitat and natural features of river which are characteristic to the high quality of river. Using program Canoco for Windows 4.5 the correlation was calculate between macroinvertebrate and different environmental factors. According to results the mean environmental factors, which affect biotopes of macroinverterables were defined. Key words: EU Water Framework Directive, rivers, habitats, catchment, River Habitat Survey, macroinvertebrates.
The theme of Master’s thesis is devoted to The morphological assessment of rivers in contest to river quality. In the thesis work EU Water Framework Directive were evaluated and looked upon methods used for assessment of quality of river habitat in other European countries. The description of the Rivers Daugava, Venta, Gauja and Riga Gulf and their small rivers catchments, assessing the size of catchment, height above sea level and type of land use in it, are done during the particular study. The situation of small rivers is assessed by morphometry (size of catchment, width and depth of river) and hydrological features (discharge, stream velocity) according to demands of EU Water Framework Directive. The water quality in the catchments of the studied rivers was analysed by characterizing chemical features which respond with demands of EU Water Framework Directive. In Master’s thesis the quality of the studied rivers habitats was assessed according to demands of EU Framework Directive using the method of River Habitat Survey (RHS). The quality was defined using two indexes by which the impact of human activities on the quality of river habitat and natural features of river which are characteristic to the high quality of river. Using program Canoco for Windows 4.5 the correlation was calculate between macroinvertebrate and different environmental factors. According to results the mean environmental factors, which affect biotopes of macroinverterables were defined. Key words: EU Water Framework Directive, rivers, habitats, catchment, River Habitat Survey, macroinvertebrates.
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