Sāļuma bilanci ietekmējošie faktori Rīgas līcī
Date
2011
Authors
Skudra, Māris
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
Rīgas līcim kā daļai no Baltijas jūras, kas ir otrs lielākais iesāļūdens baseins pasaulē, ir nozīmīga loma vietējās ūdens ekosistēmas veidošanā, tādēļ jebkādas pārmaiņas, kas skar Rīgas līci, var atstāt lielu ietekmi uz visu ekosistēmu kopumā.
Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot sāļuma bilanci ietekmējošo faktoru lomu un nozīmi, kā arī šo faktoru ietekmi uz Rīgas līča sāļuma sadalījuma īpatnībām.
Svarīgākie faktori, kas ietekmē Rīgas līča sāļuma bilanci, ir ūdens apmaiņa starp Baltijas jūru un Rīgas līci, kā arī upju notece Rīgas līcī.
Pētījuma ietvaros tika apkopoti un analizēti visi no 1991. gada pieejamie dati (no Latvijas Hidroekoloģijas institūta) par Rīgas līci raksturojošiem parametriem, kā arī esošās datu rindas tika papildinātas ar jauniem mērījumiem. Izmantojot Knudsena formulu, tika aprēķināti ūdens apmaiņas apjomi starp Rīgas līci un Baltijas jūru, ņemot vērā datus par sāļumu, Latvijas lielāko upju vidējiem mēneša caurplūdumiem, kā arī par ūdens līmeņa svārstībām starp Rīgas līci un Baltijas jūru. Rezultāti parāda, ka gada vidējā ūdens ieplūde Rīgas līcī no Baltijas jūras, laika posmā no 1991. – 2007. gadam, ir 112,2 km3, bet izplūde no līča ir 139 km3.
Atslēgas vārdi: Rīgas līcis, sāļuma dinamika, ūdens apmaiņa, Knudsena formula, upju notece, sāls budžets.
The Gulf of Riga, as a part of the Baltic Sea, which is the second biggest brackish water basin in the world, has a significant role on forming the local water ecosystem. Therefore, any changes that take place in the Gulf of Riga may influence the whole ecosystem. The aim of the study is to ascertain the character and importance of the salinity balance affecting factors as well as the impact of these factors on salinity distribution in the Gulf of Riga. The main processes affecting salinity balance are water exchange between the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Riga as well as the river runoff in the Gulf of Riga. In the framework of the research there were summarized and analyzed all the available (from Latvian institute of Aquatic Ecology) data since 1991 describing the parameters of the Gulf of Riga. The existing data series were complemented with new measurements. Water exchange amounts between the Gulf of Riga and Baltic Sea were calculated using Knudsen’s formulae and taking into account such factors as salinity, mean monthly flow rate from largest rivers of Latvia and sea level variations between the Gulf of Riga and Baltic Sea. Results show that annual mean inflow to the Gulf of Riga from Baltic Sea, between 1991 – 2007, is 112,2 km3 and corresponding outflow from the gulf is 139 km3. Keywords: The Gulf of Riga, salinity dynamics, water exchange, Knudsen’s formulae, river runoff, salt budget.
The Gulf of Riga, as a part of the Baltic Sea, which is the second biggest brackish water basin in the world, has a significant role on forming the local water ecosystem. Therefore, any changes that take place in the Gulf of Riga may influence the whole ecosystem. The aim of the study is to ascertain the character and importance of the salinity balance affecting factors as well as the impact of these factors on salinity distribution in the Gulf of Riga. The main processes affecting salinity balance are water exchange between the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Riga as well as the river runoff in the Gulf of Riga. In the framework of the research there were summarized and analyzed all the available (from Latvian institute of Aquatic Ecology) data since 1991 describing the parameters of the Gulf of Riga. The existing data series were complemented with new measurements. Water exchange amounts between the Gulf of Riga and Baltic Sea were calculated using Knudsen’s formulae and taking into account such factors as salinity, mean monthly flow rate from largest rivers of Latvia and sea level variations between the Gulf of Riga and Baltic Sea. Results show that annual mean inflow to the Gulf of Riga from Baltic Sea, between 1991 – 2007, is 112,2 km3 and corresponding outflow from the gulf is 139 km3. Keywords: The Gulf of Riga, salinity dynamics, water exchange, Knudsen’s formulae, river runoff, salt budget.
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