Mikroplastmasas izplatība Baltijas jūras Austrumgotlandes un Rīgas līča Latvijas jurisdikcijas ūdeņu sedimentu virsējā slānī
Date
2021
Authors
Svipsta, Sanda
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
Bakalaura darba veikšanai tika ievākti 13 mikroplastmasas paraugi no Baltijas jūras Austrumgotlandes un Rīgas līča Latvijas jurisdikcijas ūdeņu sedimentu virsējā slāņa. Tie secīgi tika apstrādāti izmantojot blīvumseparāciju un organiskā materiāla ķīmiskās sadalīšanas metodi. Tika veikta paraugu vizuālā analīze un noteikts plastmasas daļiņu veidojošais polimērs, izmantojot Mikro Furjē transformācijas infrasarkanās gaismas spektroskopijas metodi. Tika izstrādāta un attīstīta sedimentu mikroplastmasas paraugu apstrādes metode, nosakot piemērotāko apakšējā izmēra robežu, šķirpiltuves tilpumu, blīvumseparācijas atkārtošanas skaitu, kā arī enzimātisko reakciju piemērošanu paraugu apstrādei. Mikroplastmasa bija sastopama visos paraugos. Izplatītākais daļiņu veids bija šķiedras (83,03%), savukārt dominējošais polimēru veids polipropilēns (11,11%). Visvairāk daļiņas sastopamas izmēru grupā no 50 līdz 1000 µm.
Within the framework of the bachelor's thesis 13 samples were collected in the upper layer of sediments of waters under the jurisdiction of Latvia in the Baltic Sea East Gotland and the Gulf of Riga. They were sequentially treated using density separation and chemical decomposition method for organic materials. Visual analysis of the samples was performed and the polymer type for the plastic particles was determined by using the Micro Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Method. A method for processing microplastic in sediments was developed by determining the most suitable lower size limit, separating funnel volume, the number of repetitions of the density separation, as well as application of enzymatic reaction for sample processing. Microplastic was present at all sampling sites. The most common type of particles in the upper layer of sediments was fibers (83,03%), meanwhile the dominant type of polymer – polypropylene (11,11%). The most particles are found in a size group of 50-1000 µm.
Within the framework of the bachelor's thesis 13 samples were collected in the upper layer of sediments of waters under the jurisdiction of Latvia in the Baltic Sea East Gotland and the Gulf of Riga. They were sequentially treated using density separation and chemical decomposition method for organic materials. Visual analysis of the samples was performed and the polymer type for the plastic particles was determined by using the Micro Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Method. A method for processing microplastic in sediments was developed by determining the most suitable lower size limit, separating funnel volume, the number of repetitions of the density separation, as well as application of enzymatic reaction for sample processing. Microplastic was present at all sampling sites. The most common type of particles in the upper layer of sediments was fibers (83,03%), meanwhile the dominant type of polymer – polypropylene (11,11%). The most particles are found in a size group of 50-1000 µm.
Description
Keywords
Vides zinātne , Mikro Furjē transformācijas infrasarkanās gaismas (µFTIR) spektroskopijas metode , vizuālās analīzes metode , mikroplastmasas izplatība , polimēri , piesārņojums