Konferenču materiāli (DF) / Proceedings and Abstracts

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‘Imageable’ numbers: theory-based urban design for immersive psychometrics research: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Fernberg, Phillip; Chamberlain, Brent; Saxon, Morgan; Creem-Regehr, Sarah; Stefanucci, Jeanine
Mini-maps aid spatial cognition within virtual worlds: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Delucchi Danhier, Renate
Reference frames for spatial and social thinking: Individual differences in strategy use: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Park, Sungjoon; Watanabe, Brandon; Burte, Heather
Enhancing spatial learning during navigation by optimizing landmark density on digital maps: Oral presentation
(University of Latvia, 2021) Cheng, Bingjie; Ruginski, Ian T.; Fabrikant, Sara I.
Head direction signals during navigation: comparing movement and stationary periods: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Cheng, You Lily; Chrastil, Elizabeth
Does the movement pattern of non-visual eye movements during episodic vs semantic memory tasks correspond to Lévy Flights?: Oral presentation
(University of Latvia, 2021) Kock, Fabienne; Hohenberger, Annette
The influence of others’ actions on perspective taking: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Lukošiūnaitė, Ieva; Kovács, Ágnes; Sebanz, Natalie
Close to my heart: meanings associated with places near and far: Oral presentation
(University of Latvia, 2021) Tenbrink, Thora; Williams, Anwen; Croguennec, Constance
Enhancing spatial learning during navigation by optimizing landmark density on digital maps: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Cheng, Bingjie; Ruginski, Ian T.; Fabrikant, Sara I.
Reference frames for spatial and social thinking: Individual differences in strategy use: Oral presentation
(University of Latvia, 2021) Park, Sungjoon; Watanabe, Brandon; Burte, Heather
The relationship between navigation abilities and mental disorders: Oral presentation
(University of Latvia, 2021) Hatamian, Nikki; Woodry, Robert; Tranquada-Torres, Bailey; Yee, Andre; Chrastil, Elizabeth
Why know myself? Flexible behaviour and the need for self-modelling: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Hauser, Julian
In this paper I argue that some forms of the capacity for behavioural flexibility entail a specific kind of representation, a self-model. This means that systems with that capacity, among them human beings, must have self-models. In its basic form, the capacity for behavioural flexibility allows a system to respond to the same sensory stimulus differentially, depending on the values of parameters with which it represents the world. On seeing a street, I might cycle straight ahead or take a sharp turn left – depending on whether I represent it to blocked off just around the corner. More advanced forms expand on this. Self-models are a form of self-representation in which states are represented by placing a token in a model of the world. The relations this token bears to the modelled features represent the system’s states (Ismael 2007). A useful analogy are smartphone navigation apps, where a central blue dot indicates the location of the user. With my contribution I hope to, first, clarify the cognitive advantage of subject/object differentiation. Second, I want to improve on Ismael’s very promising proposal by extending it to non-map-like formats of representation and system states other than spatial and temporal properties. This, I hope, should convince authors in the burgeoning literature on self-models that paying close attention to broadly ‘Ismaelian’ accounts of self-modelling – rather than the much more widely discussed proposals by Metzinger (2007) and Hohwy and Michael (2017) – could significantly advance our understanding of the mechanisms and uses of self-representation.
Spatial updating and domain expertise: the case of dancers: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Photiou, Maria; Galati, Alexia; Avraamides, Marios
Dancers are a unique group of individuals who routinely engage in coordi nated highly skilled performances with others in the immediate environment. Previous research suggests that, compared to non-dancers, dancers have superior cognitive and motor skills, such as memory, posture control and balance. Although differences between dancers and non-dancers are reported for spatial skills as well, it is still unknown whether they are the result or the cause of dancing experience, with individuals having superior skills being more likely to take up dancing. To answer this question, we asked novices with no formal dance experience to attend dance lessons for a year. To investigate the effects of dance experience on spatial awareness, we used a spatial updating task in Virtual Reality at two different times: prior to the onset of dance lessons and 12 months later. We compared the dance novices’ performance to that of expert dancers and of a control group of non-dancers. Results indicated that experienced dancers performed more accurately in the spatial updating task, in both phases of data collection. There was also a non-significant improvement in spatial updating performance for the beginner dancers after a year of dance training, suggesting that dance lessons may be a potential means for enhancing spatial updating skills.
Tactile field and the dual nature of touch: Poster
(2021) Skrzypulec, Błażej
I investigate whether it is justified to postulate tactile field analogous in its properties to visual field. I argue that the answer is both ‘yes’ and ‘no’ due to the dual nature of touch: touch is both an interoceptive modality which presents states of one’s body and an exteroceptive modality which presents external entities. More specifically, the interoceptive tactile space, in which tactile bodily sensations are experienced to be localized, has a character of a spatial field. On the other hand, the exteroceptive tactile space, in which external, tactile objects are experienced to be localized does not have field-status.
The effects of movement and spatial activities on real and imagined spatial updating: Oral presentation
(University of Latvia, 2021) Stefanucci, Jeanine; Barhorst-Cates, Erica; Creem-Regehr, Sarah
The relationship between navigation abilities and mental disorders: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Hatamian, Nikki; Woodry, Robert; Tranquada-Torres, Bailey; Yee, Andre; Chrastil, Elizabeth
This study examined the relationship between aspects of navigational ability and behavioral traits associated with various mental disorders. We propose that navigational ability may utilize the same brain circuitry that has dysfunction in certain mental disorders and may be a beneficial early marker for these disorders. This study was inspired by the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), a framework outlined by NIMH to study the basic dimensions of functioning that span the range of behavior from normal to abnormal. For example, we hypothesized that spatial perspective taking, which is important for navigation, could be associated with social perspective taking in disorders such as autism spectrum disorder or eating disorders. To test this question, participants recruited online through Amazon Mechanical Turk (n>200) completed two web-based spatial cognition tasks and a self-report measure of navigational ability. They also completed a battery of standardized questionnaires to capture non-pathological ranges of mental disorders. The Open Field Task (OFT) is similar to a virtual Morris water maze. It tests an individual’s ability to recall, locate, and navigate to four hidden objects scattered in an open field environment from a first-person perspective. The Spatial Orientation Task (SOT) tests spatial perspective taking by imagining different viewpoints in a layout of objects. The Santa Barbara Sense of Direction Scale (SBSOD) is a self-report measure of navigational ability. The behavioral questionnaires assessed pathological and non-pathological levels of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, autism, and schizotypy to examine individual variability within the healthy population. Preliminary correlations indicate relationships between navigational ability and several mental disorders. In particular, obsessive-compulsive disorder and impulsivity showed relationships with performance errors in the SOT. These preliminary results also identify relationships between apathy as well as eating disorders and errors in the OFT. Together, these findings suggest that the circuitry for navigation and certain mental disorders could overlap, leading to new avenues for understanding these disorders.
Changes in the flight paths of pigeons based on extended spatial landmarks: Poster
(University of Latvia, 2021) Zaleshina, Margarita; Zaleshin, Alexander
The navigational behavior of birds is based on the spatial perception of the terrain over which they fly. Not only single reference points, but also continuous linear and areal objects can be visually perceived in flight and affect the flight path. In this work, we studied the features of the trajectories of pigeons during flights in order to identify the effect of discrete or continuous extended landmarks on spatial orientation. For this purpose we compared the GPS tracks of pigeons flying over weakly familiar terrain, and the visual features of this terrain, calculated on the basis of remote sensing data. Various cases of linear landmarks (alleys, rivers, roads) and boundaries between different surfaces (vegetation covers, water surfaces, rural or urban areas) were considered. Values of changes in flight parameters of pigeons were calculated for 150 flights over various mixed landscapes: natural forests, agricultural fields, urban and suburban areas, and the sea coast. Linear and area landmarks were recognized by satellite images of the territories, using spatial analysis methods to highlight the boundaries of particular homogeneous and heterogeneous patterns. As a result, typical reactions to extended objects during movement were revealed: either a long flight along the border with small fluctuations in the trajectory, or a sharp perpendicular crossing of the object’s border. In this study, all spatial data were processed using the geographical information system QGIS.
‘Imageable’ numbers: theory-based urban design for immersive psychometrics research: Oral presentation
(University of Latvia, 2021) Fernberg, Phillip; Chamberlain, Brent; Saxon, Morgan; Creem-Regehr, Sarah; Stefanucci, Jeanine
Changes in the flight paths of pigeons based on extended spatial landmarks: Oral presentation
(University of Latvia, 2021) Zaleshina, Margarita; Zaleshin, Alexander
Does the movement pattern of non-visual eye movements during episodic vs semantic memory tasks correspond to Lévy Flights?: Poster
(2021) Kock, Fabienne; Hohenberger, Annette

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