Metadiskursa lietojums politiskajās runās
Date
2010
Authors
Āboliņa, Indra
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Publisher
Latvijas Universitāte
Abstract
Politiķi apzinās valodas spēku un izmanto savas zināšanas, komunicējot ar sabiedrību. Lai sasniegtu savus politiskos mērķus, viņi bieži lieto dažādus valodas līdzekļus, tai skaitā metadiskursu. Bakalaura darbā tiek analizēts un salīdzināts tādu metadiskursa elementu lietojums kā modificējošie iespraudumi un vietniekvārdi ASV bijušo prezidentu V. Klintona un Dž. Buša, kā arī tagadējā prezidenta B. Obamas politiskajās runās. Teorētiskās pētījuma metodes tika izmantotas, lai izpētītu teorētiskos materiālus par metadiskursu un politiskajām runām. Veiktā diskursa analīze vienpadsmit runām, kas sarakstītas konkrētiem notikumiem, proti, kandidēšanai prezidenta amatam, uzvarai vēlēšanās un inaugurācijas ceremonijai parādīja, ka metadiskursa lietojums ir atkarīgs no runas veida. Taču lielākoties autori cenšas iesaistīt klausītājus runā, bieži izmantojot „ietverošo” vietniekvārdu mēs. Visumā, visi trīs prezidenti lieto vairāk modālos darbības vārdus must, can, should, pavēles izteiksmi un jautājumus. Izskaidrojums varētu būt otršķirīgā runātāja klātesamības nepieciešamība runā. Svarīgāka ir klausītāju iesaiste sarunā, tādējādi var vieglāk sniegt iecerētos paziņojumus.
Politicians are aware of the power of language, and they use their knowledge in interaction with society. To achieve their political aims successfully, they often use different linguistic means, including metadiscourse. The goal of the bachelor thesis was to analyze and compare the use of boosters, attitude markers, self mentions and engagement markers in the speeches by the former presidents W. J. Clinton, G. W. Bush and the current president B. H. Obama. The theoretical research methods comprised the study of relevant theoretical materials on metadiscourse and political speeches. The conducted discourse analysis of eleven presidential speeches composed for the same political occasions: the ceremony of presidential nomination acceptance, election night victory and inauguration ceremony showed that the distribution of metadiscourse markers depends upon the type of speech. However, engagement markers, especially the inclusive we, predominated in all the speeches. On the whole, all the three speakers apply more engagement markers, such as the modal verbs must, can, should, the imperative mood and questions, which can be explained due to the secondary importance of the speaker’s presence in the speech. It is more important to involve the audience in the discourse, thus, the intended messages can be conveyed more easily.
Politicians are aware of the power of language, and they use their knowledge in interaction with society. To achieve their political aims successfully, they often use different linguistic means, including metadiscourse. The goal of the bachelor thesis was to analyze and compare the use of boosters, attitude markers, self mentions and engagement markers in the speeches by the former presidents W. J. Clinton, G. W. Bush and the current president B. H. Obama. The theoretical research methods comprised the study of relevant theoretical materials on metadiscourse and political speeches. The conducted discourse analysis of eleven presidential speeches composed for the same political occasions: the ceremony of presidential nomination acceptance, election night victory and inauguration ceremony showed that the distribution of metadiscourse markers depends upon the type of speech. However, engagement markers, especially the inclusive we, predominated in all the speeches. On the whole, all the three speakers apply more engagement markers, such as the modal verbs must, can, should, the imperative mood and questions, which can be explained due to the secondary importance of the speaker’s presence in the speech. It is more important to involve the audience in the discourse, thus, the intended messages can be conveyed more easily.
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